Search results for " Hepatitis B virus"

showing 10 items of 15 documents

Risk of Virus Contamination Through Surgical Smoke During Minimally Invasive Surgery: A Systematic Review of the Literature on a Neglected Issue Revi…

2020

Abstract Context The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic raised concerns about the safety of laparoscopy due to the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diffusion in surgical smoke. Although no case of SARS-CoV-2 contagion related to surgical smoke has been reported, several international surgical societies recommended caution or even discouraged the use of a laparoscopic approach. Objective To evaluate the risk of virus spread due to surgical smoke during surgical procedures. Evidence acquisition We searched PubMed and Scopus for eligible studies, including clinical and preclinical studies assessing the presence of any virus in the surgical smoke fr…

covid-19; minimally invasive surgery; smoke; surgical; virus; covid-19; colectomy; condylomata acuminata; coronavirus infections; gastrectomy; hepatectomy; humans; laryngeal neoplasms; minimally invasive surgical procedures; pandemics; papilloma; papillomavirus infections; pneumonia; viral; risk; sars-cov-2; warts; betacoronavirus; hepatitis b virus; infectious disease transmission; patient-to-professional; laparoscopy; papillomaviridae; smokehepatitis b virusvirusesmedicine.medical_treatmentlaparoscopy030232 urology & nephrologyDiseasemedicine.disease_causeCOVID-19; Minimally invasive surgery; Surgical; Virus; smoke.Genital warts0302 clinical medicineSurgicalwartsPandemichumansriskColectomyCoronaviruscondylomata acuminataCOVID-19 Minimally invasive surgery smoke Surgical Virus Colectomy Condylomata Acuminata Coronavirus Infections Gastrectomy Hepatectomy Humans Laryngeal Neoplasms Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures Pandemics Papilloma Papillomavirus Infections Pneumonia Viral Risk Warts Betacoronavirus Hepatitis B virus Infectious Disease Transmission Patient-to-Professional Laparoscopy Papillomaviridae SmokeTransmission (medicine)virus diseasescolectomyCOVID-19; Minimally invasive surgery; smoke; Surgical; VirusgastrectomyViruspapillomasars-cov-2030220 oncology & carcinogenesispatient-to-professionalpapillomavirus infectionsviralmedicine.medical_specialtyInfectious Disease Transmission Patient-to-Professionallaryngeal neoplasmsUrologyPneumonia ViralContext (language use)pandemicsArticle03 medical and health sciencescoronavirus infectionshepatectomyMinimally invasive surgerymedicinepneumoniaIntensive care medicinepapillomaviridaebusiness.industryCOVID-19infectious disease transmissionmedicine.diseasebetacoronavirusminimally invasive surgical proceduresPneumoniasmokebusinessEuropean Urology Focus
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Add-on peginterferon alfa-2a to nucleos(t)ide analogue therapy for Caucasian patients with hepatitis B ‘e’ antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B genot…

2019

Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) and peginterferon have complementary effects in chronic hepatitis B, but it is unclear whether combination therapy improves responses in genotype D-infected patients. We conducted an open-label study of peginterferon alfa-2a 180 μg/week added to ongoing NA therapy in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative, genotype D-infected patients with HBV DNA <20 IU/mL. The primary endpoint was proportion of patients with ≥50% decline in serum HBsAg by the end of the 48-week add-on phase. Seventy patients received treatment, 11 were withdrawn at week 24 for no decrease in HBsAg, and 14 withdrew for other reasons. Response rate (per-protocol population) was 67.4% (29/43) at…

MaleHBsAgGastroenterologyPolyethylene Glycolschronic hepatitis B; HBeAg-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatment; Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology0302 clinical medicineInterferonGenotypeHBVHepatitis B e Antigenspeginterferonchronic hepatitis b; hbeag-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatment; adult; antiviral agents; drug administration schedule; drug therapy combination; female; genotype; hepatitis b e antigens; hepatitis b virus; hepatitis b chronic; humans; interferon-alpha; male; middle aged; nucleosides; polyethylene glycols; recombinant proteins; treatment outcomeeducation.field_of_studytreatmentnucleos(t)ide analoguesvirus diseasesNucleosidesMiddle AgedRecombinant ProteinsTreatment OutcomeInfectious Diseasesnucleos(t)ide analogueHBeAg030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDrug Therapy CombinationFemale030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyPeginterferon alfa-2amedicine.drugAdultHepatitis B virusmedicine.medical_specialtyGenotypeCombination therapyPopulationHBeAg-negativeInfectious DiseaseHBeAg-negative; chronic hepatitis B; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatmentchronic hepatitis B; HBeAg-negative; nucleos(t)ide analogues; peginterferon; treatmentAntiviral AgentsDrug Administration Schedule03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicInternal medicineVirologymedicineHumanschronic hepatitis BeducationHepatologybusiness.industryInterferon-alphaConfidence intervalbusiness
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Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution

2021

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd…

Phylogeographic historyHepatitis B/history01 natural sciencesThe RepublicCommunicable Diseases EmergingGermanCommunicable Diseases Emerging/historyAgency (sociology)Science and technologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSHistory AncientPhylogenymedia_common0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryAncient DNAEuropean researchvirus diseasesGenomicsHepatitis B3. Good healthEuropelanguageComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGChristian ministryPaleogenomic analysesAsian Continental Ancestry Group010506 paleontologyHepatitis B virusAsiaHepatitis B virus/classificationEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupLibrary scienceBiología CelularWhite PeopleMarie curieEvolution Molecular03 medical and health sciencesAmerican NativesAsian PeoplePolitical scienceGenomic datamedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansSlovakEuropean unionAmerican Indian or Alaska Native030304 developmental biology0105 earth and related environmental sciencesGenetic VariationPaleontologyPrehistoriaA300language.human_languagedigestive system diseasesAmerican natives; Americas; Asia; Asian continental ancestry group; Communicable diseases Emerging; Europe; European continental ancestry group; Evolution molecular; Genetic variation; Genomics; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; History Ancient; Humans; Paleontology; PhylogenyAmericas
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Incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevation among naive HIV-1-infected patients receiving ART in the ICONA cohort

2019

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence and risk factors for liver enzyme elevations (LEE) in patients initiating first-line ART in the ICONA prospective observational cohort, between June 2009 and December 2017.Patients and methodsIn total, 6575 ART-naive patients were selected, initiating two NRTIs with the third drug being a boosted PI (n=2436; 37.0%), an NNRTI (n=2384; 36.3%) or an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) (n=1755; 26.7%). HBV surface antigen and HCV RNA were detected in 3.9% and 5.8% of the study population. Inverse probability weighted Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the HRs, according to first-line regimen, for LEE, defined as ALT or AST increases…

0301 basic medicineMaleIntegrase inhibitorHepatitis B Surface AntigenHIV Infections0302 clinical medicineRisk Factorshivh epatitis c rna surface antigens follow-up homosexuality integrase inhibitors hepatitis b virus hepatitis b virus measurement hiv infections hepatotoxicity hepatitis c virus coinfection nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors cox proportional hazards models baseline value liver enzyme raltegravirPharmacology (medical)HIV Infection030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyCoinfectionIncidence (epidemiology)Liver DiseaseIncidenceLiver Diseasesvirus diseasesHepatitis CMiddle AgedHepatitis CReverse Transcriptase InhibitorInfectious DiseasesCohortCoinfectionPopulation studyRegression AnalysisReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsFemalemedicine.drugHumanMicrobiology (medical)Adultmedicine.medical_specialtyAnti-HIV AgentsRegression AnalysiNO03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansHIV Integrase InhibitorsHIV Protease InhibitorPharmacologyHepatitis B Surface Antigensbusiness.industryAnti-HIV AgentHIV ARTHIV Protease Inhibitorsmedicine.diseaseRaltegravir030112 virologyHIV Integrase InhibitorProspective StudieHIV-1businessAdult Anti-HIV Agents Coinfection Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens Hepatitis C HIV Infections HIV Integrase Inhibitors HIV Protease Inhibitors HIV-1 Humans Incidence Liver Diseases Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Regression Analysis Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors Risk Factors
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Variability of reverse transcriptase and overlapping S gene in hepatitis B virus isolates from untreated and lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B…

2009

Background The high degree of diversity of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies in chronically infected individuals raises the possibility that HBV genetic variants favouring resistance to nucleoside/nucleotide analogues (NAs) might pre-exist to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic variability of the entire HBV reverse transcriptase (RT) domain and of the overlapping S gene in a large series of untreated hepatitis B surface antigen carriers and in lamivudine (3TC)-resistant patients. Methods Sequencing analysis of the entire HBV RT domain of isolates from 100 untreated (treatment- naive group) and 59 3TC-resistant (3TC-resistant group) consecutive patients wit…

AdultMaleSettore MED/07 - Microbiologia E Microbiologia ClinicaHepatitis B virusAdult; Aged; Drug Resistance; Viral; Female; Genetic Variation; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis B; Chronic; Humans; Lamivudine; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Sequence Analysis; DNA; Treatment OutcomeDrug ResistanceViral quasispeciesmedicine.disease_causeVirusHepatitis B ChronicOrthohepadnavirusDrug Resistance ViralmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)ViralChronicAgedPharmacologyHepatitis B virusSettore MED/12 - GastroenterologiaHepatitis B Surface AntigensbiologyReverse-transcriptase inhibitorLamivudineGenetic VariationRNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseSequence Analysis DNADNAMiddle Agedbiology.organism_classificationHepatitis BVirologyReverse transcriptaseInfectious DiseasesTreatment OutcomeHepadnaviridaeLamivudineMutationReverse Transcriptase InhibitorsHBV reverse transcriptase gene S lamivudine resistantFemaleSequence Analysismedicine.drug
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Hepatitis B virus maintains its pro-oncogenic properties in the case of occult HBV infection.

2003

Background & Aims: Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by persistence of HBV DNA into the tissue of hepatitis B surface antigen-negative individuals. The clinical relevance of this peculiar infection is still under debate. In particular, the impact of occult HBV infection in cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is uncertain. We investigated the prevalence and molecular status of occult HBV in patients with HCC. Methods: We tested tumor tissues from 107 patients with HCC and the corresponding nontumor liver tissue from 72 of these patients for HBV DNA. We also examined liver specimens from 192 patients with chronic hepatitis. All cases were hepatitis B surface antige…

MaleHBV; HCC; occultHepatitis B virusCarcinoma HepatocellularOCCULT HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA; HBV DNA; TUNOR AND NONTUMOR LIVER TISSUES; HBV TRANSCRIPTS; HBV COVALENTLY CLOSED CIRCULAR DNA; INTEGRATED AND EPISOMAL HBV DNATranscription GeneticOCCULT HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTIONHBV TRANSCRIPTSGenome ViralBiologyVirus Replicationmedicine.disease_causeChronic liver diseaseHepatitis B ChronicmedicineCarcinomaHBVHumansHEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMATUNOR AND NONTUMOR LIVER TISSUESHCCAgedHepatitis B virusHepatologyINTEGRATED AND EPISOMAL HBV DNALiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyvirus diseasescccDNAMiddle AgedHepatitis Bmedicine.diseaseOccultVirologydigestive system diseaseshepatitis B surface antigenLiverViral replicationHBV DNAoccultHepatocellular carcinomaDNA ViralImmunologyFemaleHBV COVALENTLY CLOSED CIRCULAR DNAInfection OBI
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Anti-hepatitis A virus seroprevalence and seroconversion in a cohort of patients with chronic viral hepatitis

2002

Abstract Background. Patients with chronic hepatitis C infected by hepatitis A virus have a substantial risk of fulminant hepatitis or death, while the course of hepatitis A virus is uncomplicated in most subjects with chronic hepatitis B. Aim. To evaluate the prevalence of anti-hepatitis A virus antibodies and the incidence of hepatitis A virus seroconversion in a nationwide sample of 530 patients with chronic hepatitis B and/or hepatitis C infection initially susceptible to this infection after a follow-up of some years. Results. The overall anti-hepatitis A virus prevalence was 85.7%, with no difference between males and females. By the age of 50 years, almost all patients were found to …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentHepatitis C virusmedicine.disease_causeHepatitis A AntibodiesVirusHepatitis B ChronicSeroepidemiologic StudiesInternal medicinemedicineHumansSeroconversionFulminant hepatitisAgedHepatitis B virusHepatologybusiness.industryIncidenceGastroenterologyHepatitis CHepatitis BHepatitis AHepatitis C ChronicMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseVirologyChronic liver disease; Hepatitis A virus superinfection; Hepatitis B virus; Hepatitis C virus;ItalyHepatitis A AntibodieFemalebusinessViral hepatitisHepatitis A Virus HumanHuman
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Occult hepatitis B virus infection

2000

Many studies have shown that hepatitis B virus infection may also occur in hepatitis B surface antigen-negative patients. This occult infection has been identified both in patients with cryptogenic liver disease and in patients with hepatitis C virus-related chronic hepatitis, and much evidence suggests that it may be a risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma development. However several aspects of this occult infection remain unclear such as its prevalence and the factor(s) involved in the lack of circulating hepatitis B surface antigen. Moreover, it is uncertain whether the occult hepatitis B virus infection may contribute to chronic liver damage, considering that it is usually associated…

MaleACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITISPOSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITISHBV SURFACE-ANTIGENComorbidityHBV genome HBsAg-negative liver DNA liver diseasemedicine.disease_causeSeverity of Illness IndexSEROLOGICAL MARKERS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; POSTTRANSFUSION HEPATITIS; HEPATITIS C VIRUS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; HBV SURFACE-ANTIGEN; ACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITIS; CHRONIC LIVER-DISEASE; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; occult hepatitis B virus infectionLiver diseaseCHRONIC LIVER-DISEASEHEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMAChronic/diagnosis* Hepatitis BDifferential Disease Progression Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* Hepatitis Bhbsag-negative; hbv genome; liver disease; liver dnaIncidenceHepatocellular/diagnosis CarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsGastroenterologyHepatitis CHepatitis BPOLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTIONPrognosisChronic/epidemiology* Humans Incidence Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology* Male Prognosis Risk Assessment Severity of Illness IndexCarcinoma Hepatocellular/diagnosis Carcinoma Hepatocellular/epidemiology* Comorbidity DNA Viral/analysis Diagnosis Differential Disease Progression Female Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis* Hepatitis B Chronic/diagnosis* Hepatitis B Chronic/epidemiology* Humans Incidence Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis Liver Neoplasms/epidemiology* Male Prognosis Risk Assessment Severity of Illness IndexHepatocellular carcinomaDisease Progressionhbv genomeFemaleliver diseaseCarcinoma HepatocellularTRANSPLANT RECIPIENTSRisk AssessmentDiagnosis Differentialoccult hepatitis B virus infectionHepatitis B ChronicViral/analysis DiagnosismedicineHumansRisk factorHepatitis B virusHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatologybusiness.industryCarcinomaHEPATITIS C VIRUShbsag-negativeliver dnamedicine.diseaseOccultVirologyHepatocellular/epidemiology* Comorbidity DNASEROLOGICAL MARKERSViral replicationImmunologyDNA Viralbusiness
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Occult hepatitis B virus infection and hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis C

2011

Hepatitis B virusmedicine.medical_specialtyHepatologymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryHepatitis Cmedicine.disease_causemedicine.diseaseGastroenterologyOccultChronic hepatitisInternal medicineHepatocellular carcinomaBiopsymedicineCarcinomaHBVIn patientOccult Hepatitis B Virus Infection; Prevalencebusiness
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Hepatitis Virus Reactivation in Patients with Psoriasis Treated with Secukinumab in a Real-World Setting of Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C Infection

2022

Background and Objective Biologics for psoriasis, especially anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapies, may reactivate hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, as well in inactive carriers or patients with occult infection. However, some biologics, including anti-interleukin-17 therapies such as secukinumab, seem to be less likely to cause hepatitis reactivation. This study assessed the safety of secukinumab treatment in patients with psoriasis with HBV or HBC infection. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis treated with secukinumab at seven Italian centers. Patients serologically positive for one or more of the fo…

Hepatitis B virusSecukinumab.HepacivirusAntibodies Monoclonal HumanizedAntiviral AgentsAntibodiesHepatitis B ChronicMonoclonalHumansPsoriasisPharmacology (medical)ViralChronicHumanizedRetrospective StudiesPsoriasiBiological ProductsHepatitis B Surface AntigensHepatitis ReactivationGeneral MedicineDNAAntibodies Monoclonal Humanized; Antiviral Agents; DNA Viral; Hepacivirus; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; RNA; Retrospective Studies; Virus Activation; Biological Products; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Chronic; Hepatitis C; Psoriasispsoriasis treatment secukinumab hepatitis B hepatitis CHepatitis BHepatitis CDNA ViralRNAVirus Activation
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